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Mechanical vacuum pump according to their works and structural characteristic
Vacuum pumps are used in various ways to produce a closed space , means to improve and maintain the vacuum . Vacuum pumps can be defined as : the use of mechanical, physical , chemical or physical chemistry methods have been drawn container extraction to obtain a vacuum device or equipment. With the development of vacuum applications , vacuum pumps have been developed for a variety of species , and its pumping speed from zero a few liters per second per second, hundreds of thousands , millions of liters. Extreme pressure ( maximum vacuum ) from rough vacuum to 10-12Pa over ultra-high vacuum range .
Because vacuum applications department involved working pressure range is very wide, so any type of pump can not fully applicable to all operating pressure range, only depending on the operating pressure range and different job requirements , the use of different types of vacuum pump . For ease of use and the need for various vacuum processes , a variety of pumps may be combined according to their performance in the unit type of application .
Any use of mechanical motion ( rotating or sliding ) to obtain a vacuum pump , called the mechanical vacuum pump . Mechanical vacuum pump according to their works and structural characteristics are as follows :
1 . Displacement pumps
It is the use of periodic variation of the pump chamber volume to complete the suction and discharge pumps to achieve the purpose of extraction . Gas discharge pump chamber before being compressed. This pump is divided into two kinds of reciprocating and rotary .
( A ) reciprocating pump
Reciprocation of the pump piston chamber , the gas suction, compression and discharge. Also known as piston pump.
( 2 ) rotary vacuum pump
The pump chamber rotary motion of the rotor components of the gas suction, compression and discharge. It roughly follows several classification :
1 ) It is the use of oil-sealed vacuum pump oil pump seal the gap between the moving parts , reducing harmful pump space a rotary displacement pump . This pump is usually with gas ballast device . It mainly consists of rotary vane vacuum pumps , fixed vane vacuum pumps , rotary piston vacuum pumps, vacuum pumps and other trochoidal .
2 ) liquid ring vacuum pump with a multi-bladed rotor eccentrically mounted on the pump housing . As it rotates , the working fluid thrown pump casing is formed concentric with the liquid ring pump housing , the liquid ring formed with the rotor blades cycle several small volume of the suction and discharge chambers rotational capacity . The working fluid , usually water or oil , so it is also called water ring vacuum pump or oil ring